PROF. OKOTH SHEILA

Citation:

Okoth S. "Efficacy of Chloroquine and Primaquine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil." Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.. 2016; 95(5):1061-1068.

Abstract:

We evaluated the efficacy of chloroquine and primaquine on uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria
in Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil, in 2014. Patients ≥ 5 years of age with either fever or history of fever, and laboratoryconfirmed
P. vivax monoinfection received chloroquine (total dose = 25 mg/kg) and primaquine (total dose = 3.5 mg/kg),
and were followed up for 168 days (24 weeks). We used microsatellite genotyping to differentiate recurrent infections
caused by heterologous parasites from those caused by homologous ones. No new P. vivax episode occurred by Day 28
among 119 enrolled patients, leading to Day 28, with adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) of 100%
(95% confidence interval [CI] = 96.7–100%). Twenty-eight P. vivax episodes occurred by Day 168, with uncorrected
ACPR of 69.9% (95% CI = 59.5–79.0%). Fifteen of these episodes were caused by either homologous haplotypes
or haplotypes that could not be determined. Excluding the 13 recurrent episodes caused by heterologous parasites,
Day 168 microsatellite-corrected ACPR was estimated at 81.2% (95% CI = 71.0–89.1%). Chloroquine and primaquine
remain efficacious to tr

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