DDE
Jane Ireri, Pokhariyal G, Moindi S. "
Hopf Bifurcation Analysis for a Two Species Periodic Chemostat Model with Discrete Delays."
Journal of Advances in Mathematics and Computer Science. 2020;35(3):93-105.
AbstractIn this paper we analyze a Chemostat model of two species competing for a single limiting nutrient input varied periodically using a Fourier series with discrete delays. To understand global aspects of the dynamics we use an extension of the Hopf bifurcation theorem, a method that rigorously establishes existence of a periodic solution. We show that the interior equilibrium point changes its stability and due to the delay parameter it undergoes a Hopf bifurcation.
Numerical results shows that coexistence is possible when delays are introduced and Fourier series produces the required seasonal variations. We also show that for small delays periodic variations of nutrients has more influence on species density variations than the delay.
Jane Ireri, Pokhariyal G, Moindi S. "
Delayed Nutrient Conversion for a Single Species Periodic Chemostat."
Journal of Scientific Research and Reports. 2020;26(5):1-9.
AbstractIn this paper we analyze a Chemostat model with periodic nutrient input modelled using Fourier series and incorporate delays in nutrient conversion. We show that both periodicity and delays have complementing influence in the long term behaviour of the species. Numerical results show that periodicity has bigger influence on species density variations for delays below the Hopf Bifurcation point, while for delays above the Bifurcation point,the delay effect is more influential.