Associate Professor in Soil Science majoring in Soil Survey and Land Evaluation in the Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology. He served as Chairman of the Department of Soil Science and Director of the former Institute of Dryland Resource Development and Utilization. He has supervised for 6 PhD candidates and 20 MSc candidates. He has served in various University Committees. Between 1995-1997 he served as an External Examiner at University of Zimbabwe, Department of Soil Science. He is a member of International Society of Soil Science (ISSS) and Soil Science Society of East Africa (SSSEA). He has served as a consultant in area of Soil Survey and Land Evaluation locally and regionally.

Bio

Prof. Mbuvi Joseph P

Associate Professor in Soil Science majoring in Soil Survey and Land Evaluation in the Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology. He served as Chairman of the Department of Soil Science and Director of the former Institute of Dryland Resource Development and Utilization. He has supervised for 6 PhD candidates and 20 MSc candidates. He has served in various University Committees. Between 1995-1997 he served as an External Examiner at University of Zimbabwe, Department of Soil Science.

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(Last updated: July 18, 2020)

Publications

2020

SM Mwendwa, Mbuvi JP, Kironchi G, Gachene CKK.  2020.  A geopedological approach to soil classification to characterize soils of Upper Kabete Campus Field, University of Nairobi, Kenya . Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems.

2012

MORAA, DRONYANGOCECILIA, ONWONGA DRRICHARDNDEMO, P PROFMBUVIJOSEPH, GEOFFREY DRKIRONCHI.  2012.  Climate Change and Variability: Farmers. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.

2011

Baaru, MW;, Gachene CKK;, Onwonga R;, Mbuvi JP.  2011.  Effect Of Vegetative Macro Contour Lines On Soil Moisture Conservation And Crop Performance In Eastern Province, Kenya.

2010

Njiru, E N; Kironchi, MNG; JP;, Kironchi G;, Mbuvi JP;, Nguluu S.  2010.  Analysis of climate data and the associated risks to maize production in Semi-Arid Eastern Kenya.
  2010.  Analysis of Data and the Associated Risks to Maize Production in Semi-Arid Eastern Kenya.

2008

Kimigo, J, Mbuvi JP, Kironchi G, Gicheru PT.  2008.  Effects Of Land Use Change On Soil Qualities In The Sasumua Catchment Of Tana River Drainage System In Nyandarua District, Kenya. Abstract

Effects of land use conversion from forest (F) to annual crop cultivation (AC) and grazing land (LG) on soil qualities were investigated in Sasumua catchment with the aim of (a) determining the changes in selected physical and chemical qualities (b) establishing how various soil [1]quality indicators varied with different land management practices and (c) developing the minimum data set for determination of soil health. Random soil samples were collected from 40 farms (12 under LG and 28 under AC) and 11 forest sites together with 7 water samples from rivers and streams leading to Sasumua Dam. A further 36 core ring soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm depth, from three land uses, 12 from each land use type for analysis of bulk density and hydraulic conductivity. Measurement of CEC, exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and Na, pH, EC, base saturation, total N, soil carbon and texture, bulk density and hydraulic conductivity was done on soil samples while water samples were analysed for quality. Effects of land management practices were determined using structured questionnaire. Data obtained from laboratory was subjected to analysis of variance using Genstat while that from questionnaire was analysed using SPSS. To determine the minimum data set, results obtained were subjected to factor analysis using principal component analysis. The results showed a significant change of soil pH and silt content when land is converted from forest to grazing land and annual crops cultivation. In grazing land ; CEC , exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ , base saturation and SOC decreased by 8%, 42%, 52%, 32% and 8% respectively while Total N increased by 6 % . In annual crop cultivated land; exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ , base saturation and SOC decreased by 31%, 40%, 32% and 8% respectively, while CEC, Total N, and bulk density increased by 14%, 23% and 10% ,respectively. Land management practices such as intensive cultivation of horticultural crops, overgrazing of pastureland and farming on steep areas were contributing to soil chemical and physical degradation while addition of farmyard manure and agro-forestry were contributing to sustainability of soil organic carbon and bulk density. Tillage in cultivated fields influenced increase in CEC. Water quality results indicated that land use management affected quality as it flows from forest to areas with human settlements. Soil pH, texture, SOC and CEC were found to be the minimum data set for determination of soil health in the catchment as they cumulatively accounted for 83% of the variation in component loadings.

2004

Kironchi, G, Mbuvi JP, Gichuki FN.  2004.  SESSION IV–SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION-Hydraulic properties of Andasols following deforestation in the northern slopes of Mount Kenya.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2004.  Gicheru, P., C.K.K. Gachene, J.P. Mbuvi and E. Mare, 2004. Effects of soil management practices and tillage systems on surface soil water conservation and crust formation on a sandy loam in semi-arid Kenya. Soil and Tillage Research 75 (2004)173-184.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.

2003

Gachene, CKK;, Gicheru PT;, Mbuvi JP.  2003.  Temporal variability of crust strength and thickness as influenced by tillage methods and soil management practices in semi arid areas of Kenya, p. 59-76. Abstract

Studies were conducted in a semi arid area of Kenya to determine the effects of tillage methods and soil management practices on crust strength and thickness during the 1998/1999 cropping seasons. Conventional and minimum tillage methods, surface mulch, incorporated mulch and goat manure were studied. Crust strength and thickness were measured at sowing, mid season and harvest. The results obtained indicate that there were large seasonal changes in the field measurement of crust strength and thickness over the two seasons. There were significant differences in crust strength and thickness between sampling times within the treatments. There was a good relationship between crust strength and thickness at R2 = 0.46. All the soil management practices and tillage methods resulted into a decrease of crust strength and thickness with time. Minimum tillage however had stronger crusts than conventional tillage at. Crust thickness was significantly influenced by tillage methods and the soil management practices.
Miriti, JM, Thomas DB, Gachene CKK.  2003.  Soil chemical properties, sunflower growth and yields as affected by double digging, mulch and compost in central Kenya. Abstract

Double digging as a form of deep tillage and the utilisation of compost and mulch for improved crop production in the densely populated areas of Kenya is rapidly gaining attention the Kenya Institute of Organic Farming (KIOF, 1994). The aim of double digging is to loosen the deep soil layers for intensive crop production. Compost is aimed at supplying essential plant nutrients and enhancing soil physical properties through addition of organic matter (FAO, 1977; Pfirter et al., l98l). Organic matter has beneficial effects on soil fertility because it increases nutrient storage capacities (Tisdale et al., 1985; Woomer et al., 1995), Mulch modulates soil diumal temperature, reduces evaporative soil water loss and improves infiltration (Russell, 1988). All these have positive influences on crop growth. These management systems are being applied to Nitisols which have a generally good workability GAO-LTNESCO, 1988). However, concerns have been raised as to whether double digging is actually beneficial. There is little information on the effects of tillage systems in combination with compost and mulch application on soil chemical properties of Nitisols and crop growth. The objective of this study, therefore, was to determine the effects of double digging, compost and mulch on soil chemical properties of a humic Nitisol and growth characteristics of sunflower.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2003.  Kironchi G,. J.P. Mbuvi, H.P. Liniger and F.N. Gichuki, 2003. Livestock exclusion effect on ground cover and soil water balance in Mukogodo rangelands: Submitted to African Journal of Range and Forage Science.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.

2001

P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2001.  Gachene, C.K.K., H. Linner, N.J. Jarvis and J.P. Mbuvi, 2001. Field assessment of the effect of cumulative soil loss on soil productivity. E. Afr. For J. Vol. 67 (2) pp129-145.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.

2000

Mbuvi, JP.  2000.  Makueni District profile: soil fertility management. Abstract

Drylands Research Working Papers present, in preliminary form, research results of studies carried out in association with collaborating researchers and institutions. This working paper is part of a study which aims to relate long-term environmental change, population growth and technological change, and to identify the policies and institutions which are conducive to sustainable development. The study builds upon an earlier project carried out by the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) in Machakos District, Kenya, whose preliminary results were published in a series of ODI Working Papers in 1990-91. This led to a book (Mary Tiffen, Michael Mortimore and Francis Gichuki, More people, less erosion: environmental recovery in Kenya, John Wiley, 1994), which was a synthesis and interpretation of the physical and social development path in Machakos. The book generated a set of hypotheses and policy recommendations which required testing in other African dryland environments. Using compatible methodologies, four linked studies are now being carried out in: Kenya Makueni District Senegal Diourbel Region Niger Maradi Department (in association with ODI) Nigeria Kano Region (in association with ODI) For each of these study areas, there will be a series of working papers and a synthesis, which will be reviewed at country workshops. An overall synthesis will be discussed at an international workshop in London in 2000.
Gachene, CKK;, Mbuvi JP;, Linner J;, Jarvis N.  2000.  Crop response to soil water content under fertilized and non-fertilized conditions. Abstract

Observations on crop response to soil water content were made over a 2-year period from 1991 to 1992 on 3m by 10m plots at Kabete, Kel1ya. The total anmial rainfall was 948 and 1125mm in 1991 aind 1992 respectively with 101 and 90 rainy days respectively. Two plots, each replicat¬ed two times were cropped to continu~us maize (Zea mays L.) for four seasons ahd were either fertilized or non-fertilized' Due to the more vigorous crop growth] in the fertilized plots, a higher rate of soil water depletion was noted than in non-fer¬tilized plots at both 20cm and 50cm depth. Crop water stress index values also confirmed this observation. The CWSI taken on 3.4.92 were 630 and 813 for fertilized and non-fertilized crop respectively. The difference in soil water content between fertilized and non-fertilized crops was more pronounced at 50cm depth indicating that the former crop had a well developed root system in the subsoil. In particular, most of the available water was left unuti¬lized during the growing period of 1992 short-rains in the non-fertilized plots. During the four seasons, the fertilized crop generally reached tasselling two to two and a half weeks earlier than the non-fertilized crop. Average maximum crop height, LAI and maize grain and above-ground dry matter yields during the four seasons were 245cm, 5.08, 5555.6 kg and 12,110.7 respec¬tively for fertilized crop. The correspond¬ing figures for non-fertilized crop were 191 em, 3.44, 3305.6 kg ha-l and 6,623.4 kg ha-l.
Mbuvi, JP.  2000.  Drylands Research .
Githinji, M, Kironchi G, Mbuvi JP, Onwonga RN.  2000.  Production in semi-arid areas of Kenya using the agricultural production systems simulator (APSIM). Abstract

Managing crop production risks associated with inter-annual climate variability and climate change has received insignificant attention in the semi-arid areas of Kenya. Against this backdrop, the potential impact of climate change on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) production in the semi-arid areas of Kenya will be assessed using the Agricultural Production System Simulator (APSIM). The study will employ participatory tools in the use of APSIM model to identify risks and cropping system improvement options and designing cropping strategies for field experimentation. The field experiments will be conducted in Makueni district of Eastern Province, Kenya. Initially, a farmers’ workshop will be held to gather information on farmers’ experience with recent climatic changes and possible causes, effect on current farming systems, coping and adaption strategies to current management practices. Farm households’ perceptions of risks, options to reduce climatic risks, specific vulnerabilities of the current cropping systems and coping strategies will be documented using semi-structured interviews during farm surveys. This is in addition to establishing the socio-economic and agricultural systems setting of the smallholder farmers. Potential technologies to address the anticipated negative impacts of climate change in respect of cowpea (legume) and sorghum (cereal) cropping system will jointly be identified with the farmers and a subset of tactical adaptation options identified. The options will initially be tested on-station in the first year and on farm in the second year. The on station experiments will be conducted for two (four seasons) years to model sorghum and cowpea growth and soil-water, soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a legume-cereal cropping system. The APSIM model will be validated to simulate both the legume and cereal components of the cropping system. The integrity of the simulated system will be evaluated by comparing the simulated performance of the crops with actual experimental crop data and by exploring other facets such as water use, denitrification and leaching. It is envisioned that the APSIM model will allow for quick exploration of production outcomes of a range of management alternatives under a range of climatic scenarios (realized or predicted), and for a range of soil conditions. This is in addition to provision of valuable information for evaluating a wide range of cropping system options.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Wanjogu, S.N. and J.P. Mbuvi, 2000. Erosion susceptibility of the soils of Mukogodo catchment. Land and Water Management in Kenya. ***. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Kironchi, G., H.P. Liniger and J.P. Mbuvi, 2000. Degradation of soil physical properties in overgrazed rangelands in Laikipia District. Land and Water Management in Kenya. English Press pp. 5-9 ISBN 9966-9690-0-4.***. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Mbuvi, J.P., P.M. Mainga and W.O. Omoto, 2000. Soil variability within Ruma National Park Lambwe Valley. Soil Science Society of East Africa. pp 336-344. ISBN 9966-879-27-7.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Mainga, P.M., J.P. Mbuvi and P.N. Nduhiu, 2000. The wetland soils of Central Kenya: Characteristics, Classification and Current use. Soil Science Society of East Africa. pp 329-335. ISBN 9966-879-27-7.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Wanjogu, S.N. and J.P. Mbuvi, 2000. The geochemistry and mineralogy of parent materials and soils in two catchment in Laikipia District, Kenya. Soil Science Society of East Africa pp 323-328. ISBN 9966-879-27-7.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Owino-Gerroh, C., J.K. Keter and J.P. Mbuvi, 2000. Effect of tea cropping on the structure of some Kenyan soils. Soil Science Society of East Africa. pp 289-298. ISBN 9966-879-27-7.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Gachene, C.K.K., N. Jarvis, H. Linner and J.P. Mbuvi, 2000. Soil erosion effects on productivity of humic Nitosol. Soil Science Society of East Africa pp 233-239. ISBN 9966-8879-27-7.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Gachene, C.K.K., J.P. Mbuvi, H, Linner and N, Jarvis, 2000. Crop response to soil water content under fertilized and non-fertilized conditions. Soil Science Society of East Africa (SSSEA) pp 161-169 ISBN 9966-879-27-7.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  2000.  Mbuvi, J.P., 2000. Makueni District Profile: Soil Fertility Management. Drylands Research Working Paper 6: 11p ISBN 1470-9384.***. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.

1999

Mbuvi, JP.  1999.  Validity of the Philip equation for infiltration into soils of Sirima and Mukogodo catchments in Laikipia District (155-159).
Owino-Gerroh, C, Keter A, Mbuvi JP.  1999.  Agronomic response estimates of acidulated and uncidulated phosphorus sources for tea (camellia spp l.) growing in Kenya. Abstract

Studies were conducted on two tea fields, one with tea bushes planted in 1957 and another with tea bushes planted n LgTg in Kaaga, Kenya to determine the response of green tea leaf production to acidulated (Tripleiuper phosphate) and unacidulated (Minjingu phosphate rock) phosphorus fertilisers in the 1993194 af,d lg%lg1 Cropping seasons. The soils yere fairly acidic, low in exchangeable Ca and Mg and high in exchangeable ,ciaty and Al. Al saturation was high ( > 480 g kg-') in both soils. In both tgg3tg4 and 1994195 cropping seasons significantly (P 50.001) higher tea yields were obtained in the field with tea bushes planted in 19?9. The yield for 1994195 cropping season was significantly (P S0.m1) higher. than that for the 1993194 cropping season. There were no significant differences between the two P sources and also that of the control. The higher yields observed in the field with tea planted n lg/g was attributed to the high yielding varieties (clones) which had been planted. Higher yields observed in the 1994195 cropping season were due to improved management practices compared to that of the previous year. The lack of significant response of the crop to either of the P sources was attributed to the 'Al complexation' tolerance mechanism whereby the plant is still able to absorb Ca and P.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1999.  Kironchi, G. J.P. Mbuvi and F.N. Gichuki, 1999. Hydraulic Properties of Andosols following deforestation in the Northen slopes of Mount Kenya. E. Afr. Agric. For. J. Vol 65 (2) pp 115-124.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1999.  Wanjogu, S.N. and J.P. Mbuvi, 1999. The soils of North East and South West toposequences in Laikipia District, Kenya. Soil Science Society of East Africa (SSSEA) pp 260-266 ISBN 9966-879-27-7.X. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.

1998

Mbuvi, JP, Liniger H, Gichuki FN, Njeru L, Kironchi G.  1998.  Pressure on the Land: The Search for Sustainable Use in a Highly Diverse Environment. Abstract

This paper presents for the highland-lowland system of Mt Kenya und the Ewaso Ng'iro bosin: ( l) the current use of land re:sources and effects oJ'the growing pressure on land resottrces, (2) the possibilities of improving lttnd rnanagement and produclivity, and (3) the challenges of trying to achieve sustainable ttse of land resources. Land use and its dynctmics are assessed ctnd presented as afirst step in identiJying ctu'rent loncl resource ttse and degradation. An overview of the main soil types and their chctracteristics shovvs potentials and lirnitations for land use. lvtajor intpucts oJ'hnd use urulsoil tnunagement on nuturul resources cre presentedJbr 3 nrclor zones along the highland-lowland system. These are. (a)The elfect of land use on the water rechcu'ge of the rivers onwet motrntain slopes; (b) water conservalion measures and their elfect on productivity in the semi-humid to semi-arid lotver ntountain zone and the highlond plaleuu and (c) the effect of overgrazing on water cwailability ctnd procluctivity in the semi-arid to aricl areas of the Laikipia plateau and the lower part of the basin. African highland-lowland systems like the Ewaso Ng'iro basin pose a major challenge in terms oJ'sustainable re,source use: increasing pressure on limited natttral resources. Redttcing the polential con/lict over resource use and the danger ofresource degradation reqttires inrproved knowledge and practices in resource management. In order to optimize land munagement practices in a highland- lowland system that do not deprive the clownstream Ltsers, goocl local and regionttl knowletlge, a good clatabase, ctnd suitctble managemenl tools ure neecleLl. 1'he scarcer the resources, the better the knowledge and the management of the resources and lheir optimtrnt use nntsl be arlaptecl to the local situation"s.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1998.  Owino-Gerroh, C., J.K. Keter and J.P. Mbuvi, 1998. Agronomic evaluation of acidulated and unacidulated phosphorus sources for tea (Camellia spp. L.) in Kenya. Submitted to Tea Journal.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1998.  Owino Gerroh C., J.K. Keter and J.P. Mbuvi, 1998. Phosphate sorption characteristics of soils in a tea growing area in Kenya. Intr. J. Biochem. Phy. Vol. 6&7 (1&2) pp 86-89.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1998.  Mbuvi, J.P. and S.N. Wanjogu, 1998. Land degradation in Laikipia District. Appl. Plant Sc. Vol. 12 (3) pp 88-92. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1998.  Mbuvi, J.P. and S.N. Wanjogu, 1998. Crusts and their influence on soil properties in two semi arid areas of Kenya. Appl. Plant Sc. Vol. 12 (3) pp 83-87.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1998.  Gachene, C.K.K., H. Linner, N.J. Jarvis and J.P. Mbuvi, 1998. Soil organic carbon, nitogen and phosphorus losses in eroded sediments from run-off plots on a clay soil in Kenya. Appl. Plant Sc. Vol. 12 (3) pp 72-76. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1998.  Gachene, C.K.K.; J.P. Mbuvi; N.J. Jarvis and H. Linner, 1998. Maize yield reduction due to erosion in a high potential area of Central Kenya Highlands. Afr. Crop Sc. J. Vol 6 No 1 pp 29-37.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.

1997

P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1997.  Mbuvi, J.P., G. Kironchi and P.M. Mainga, 1997. Effect of topography and climate on soils of the north western slopes of Mt. Kenya. ITC Journal Vol. 2 pp 154-159.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
A semi-detailed soil survey at 1:20,000 scale was carried out in an area of approximately 8000 ha on the northwestern slopes of Mt. Kenya. The soils have developed mainly from intermediate igneous rocks (trachytes) and occur in four main physiographic units: mountains, footslopes, footridges and valleys. The soils of the mountains and valleys are mainly cambisols and leptosols; those of the footslopes are shallow andosols and cambisols; and those of the footridges are andosols; alisols and luvisols. The soils show diverse physical and chemical characteristics. They range from well to poorly drained, shallow to deep, dark reddish brown (10YR 4/6) to brownish black (10YR 3/2), silty loam to clay. Topsoil organic carbon lies between 1.6 and 12.5 percent, base saturation is between 57 and 93 percent, and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) is between 15.5 and 23.5 cmol kg-1. Soil pH in both topsoils and subsoils varies from slightly acid to neutral (5.3 to 7.2). The moisture regime is udic in the upper part of the mountain and ustic in the lower part (i.e. mean annual rainfall of 700 to 900mm), while the temperature regime is isomeric on the upper slopes and isothermic on the lower slopes (i.e. mean annual temperature of 8 to 150C and 15 to 220C, respectively). The soils are moderately fertile, with a reasonable moisture storage capacity
P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1997.  Gachene, C.K.K.; N.J. Jarivs, J. Linner and J.P. Mbuvi, 1997. Soil erosion effect on soil properties in a Highland Area of Central Kenya. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.Vol. 61 No 2- pp 559-564.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the assessment of intra-abdominal injury using the dipstick method. DESIGN: Prospective study, involving the performance of diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the out patient department and surgical wards prior to surgical intervention. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital-General Surgical and Orthopaedic wards and outpatient department. The study was conducted over a duration of six months, starting from January 1995 to July 1995. RESULTS: Ninety six patients with penetrating (68) and blunt (28) abdominal trauma underwent diagnostic peritoneal lavage as evaluation of the severity of abdominal trauma. Dipstick (combur 9 strips) was used to evaluate lavage effluent for red blood cells, white blood cells, protein and bilirubin. Forty three patients had positive diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) results, of which 40 (93%) had positive findings at laparatomy and three (7%) had negative findings at laparatomy. The remaining 53 patients had negative DPL results and were managed conservatively. One patient with a negative DPL result became symptomatic and had a positive laparatomy. Conservatively managed patients were discharged after 24 hours observations without any complications. DPL had an accuracy and sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 98%. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a cheap, safe and reliable method for assessment of abdominal trauma. The method is easy to perform by trained junior doctors in the OPD, or as a bedside procedure. Use of this method reduced negative laparotomy rate from 50% to 6.9% and average duration of stay from 6.5 days to 1.9 days. This method is recommended as a basic tool in the assessment of abdominal trauma patients.

1996

P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1996.  Kironchi, G. and J.P. Mbuvi, 1996. Effect of deforestation on soil fertility on the north western slopes of Mt. Kenya. ITC Journal Vol. 3/4 pp 260-263.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
The area northwest of Mt. Kenya is undergoing rapid land use changes caused by a population influx. Rapid population growth and subsequent pressure on land raise the problem of how to increase and sustain agricultural production while at the same time conserving the natural resources. Deterioration in soil physical and chemical properties following deforestation for agriculture can adversely affect crop production, especially from soils on mountain slopes. Appropriate conservation and management for sustainable use of such soils require monitoring the changes in soil fertility The effects of land clearing for potato cultivation and livestock grazing on the fertility of an andosol (after 5 to 8 years) were investigated n the 0 to 10, 20 to 30 and 40 to 50 cm soil layers. Topsoil pH decreased significantly in the potato and grass plots, as did organic C, total N and available P

1995

P, PROFMBUVIJOSEPH.  1995.  Wanjogu, S.N. and J.P. Mbuvi, 1995. Influence of Parent Material on Soil Characteristics in Sirimia and Mukogodo Cathcment, Laikipia, Kenya. ITC. Journal Vol. 1. pp. 29-37.. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. : Asian Economic and Social Society Abstract
Influence of soil type and landuse on soil water retention and availability in the semi-arid Sirima and Mukogodo catchments in Laikipia District were investigated. Representative soils, six in Sirima and four in Mukogodo, surveyed at a detailed level, were assessed using samples taken from 0-10, 20-30 and 40-5 cm depths of bush, grass, bare ground and cultivated sites. Sirima soils retained more water than Mukogodo soils due to differences in clay type and textural composition. All Sirima soil layers were clay while Mukogodo topsoils were sandy loam and subsurface layers sandy clay loam. Mukogodo soils were more compact and had significantly lower carbon content than Sirima soils at all depths. For each area, only the surface layer had significant difference (p<0.05) in water retention among landuses, with bare ground retaining the most especially at higher pressures. However, no distinction in water availability could be made among soil types in each area. Unlike the increase in clay content with depth, bulk density and carbon content were not significant in influencing plant water availability

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