Bio

BIO

Prof Agumbah graduated from University of Nairobi 1969-1973, BVM. 1974-1978 MSc, DPVM from Royal veterinary and Agiculture University, Copenhagen, Denmark, 1975-1976 and a PhD from The University of Glasgow, U.K 1978 -1981. He rose through the ranks and was promoted to Professor of Theriogenology.

PROF. AGUMBAH GILBERT J O CV

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(Last updated: November 2, 2015)

Publications

2012

Grace, D;, Gilbert J;, Randolph T;, Kang’ethe E.  2012.  The multiple burdens of zoonotic disease and an ecohealth approach to their assessment.
Masunda, B, Mutisi CC, Hamudikuwanda H, Agumbah JGO.  2012.  The use of faecal Progestia measurements to monitor reproductive activity in Mashona cows in a small holder farminf area in Zimbabwe. Tropical Animal Health and Production 34 (4) 309.

2006

Gitonga, NP;, Agumbah GJO;, Tsuma VT.  2006.  Challenges encountered when investigating infertility cases in breeding bitches: How far is a breeder willing to go?

2005

G.J.O., A.  2005.  Improving Artificial Insemination In Africa: Guideline and Recommendation. Improving Artificial Insemination In Africa- Guideline and Recommendation. , Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna
Murithii, PM, Rubyogo JC.  2005.  Sustainability of a privatized community-based animal health worker system in Mwingi district, Kenya. AbstractWebsite

This paper describes a study on the sustainability of Community-based Animal Health Worker (CAHW) services in Mwingi District, Kenya. These services began in 1992 and were supported by the District Veterinary Authority (DVA) with assistance from the Integrated Food Security Programme – Eastern (IFSP-E). Over time and using a process of participatory reviews with multiple stakeholders, the system evolved into a network of CAHWs. The study focused on CAHWs’ service sustainability and their relationships with other animal health service providers. A mutually beneficial and supportive arrangement existed between the CAHWs and Animal Health Assistants (AHAs), based on a private drug supply system, referral and backstopping support. The CAHWs derived sufficient income from their veterinary work to maintain their interest in the system. Seventy per cent of CAHWs were continuing to offer adequate animal health services 3 years or more after their initial training and the withdrawal of donor support. Ninety-five per cent of sampled CAHWs (n = 40) viewed their business as successful and expanding. Considering the agro-ecological and socio-economic conditions of the district, the CAHW system can be viewed as an initial stage in the process of extending quality private sector veterinary services.
  2005.  Assessment of the Technical Competence and Ethical Behaviour of Community-based Animal Health Workers in Mwingi District, Kenya. Abstract

This paper describes an assessment of the technical competence and ethical behaviour of Community-based Animal Health Workers (CAHWs) in Mwingi District, Kenya. From 99 trained CAHWs, 40 participated in the study. Using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire, direct observation of the relevant veterinary drug kits and participatory discussions, the study team found that the CAHWs knowledge of clinical signs of local livestock diseases and notifiable and zoonotic diseases and their ability to use veterinary drugs correctly and safely were adequate. Marks were awarded to the candidates according to an agreed marking scheme between the CAHWs’ trainers and study team members. The results showed that, overall, 36 out of 40 (90%) of the sampled CAHWs passed the tests. The existence of a referral system for CAHWs and refresher trainings helped to ensure that CAHW competence and ethical behaviour were maintained. However, it was also found that some areas of the current curriculum required more detailed input based on field experience. The CAHW system could serve as an alternative animal health care system in areas lacking veterinary services.

2003

C.J., R, P. M, G.J.O. A, G. O.  2003.  Community based Animal Based Workers in Kenya: A case study of Mwingi District, 03/2003. , Nairobi: African Union/Inter African Bureau for Animal Resources

2002

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  2002.  Masunda, B., C. C. Mutisi, H. Hamudikuwanda and J.G.O. Agumbah (2002). The use of faecal Progestia measurements to monitor reproductive activity in Mashona cows in a small holder farminf area in Zimbabwe. Tropical Animal Health and Production 34 (4) 309 . World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

2000

Agumbah, GJO.  2000.  The specificity and immunoglobulin classes reactive in the counter-immunoelectrophoresis cie method for the immuno- ….
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  2000.  Agumbah, G.J.O. and Kiere, S. M. (2000). Alternative viable sustainable forms of delivery of Artificial Insemination (AI) services room temperature semen (RTS), technical logistical scope for its use.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  2000.  Kusina, N.T., F. Tarwirei, H. Hamudi Kuwanda, G. Agumbah and J. Mukwena (2000). A Comparison of the effects of Progesterone sponges and ear implants, PGP2∝ and their combination on efficacy of Oestrus synchronization and fertility of Mashona goat do. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1999

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1999.  Masunda, B, C, Mutisi, C., Hamudikuwanda, H. and Agumbah, G.J.O. (1999). The concentration of Faecal Progestin during the Oestrus cycle in Nkohe cows and the effect of duration of storage of faecal samples at room temperature on faecal progestin levels. T. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1998

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1998.  Agumbah, G.J.O. and Phillipa, Chengeta (1998). Loose sperm head defect in a dorper ram. Zim. Vet. 27, 105 - 118.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1997

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1997.  Mohan, K., Brudie, B., Agumbah, G.J.O., Ogaa, J.S. and Pawandiwa, A. (1997). Phenotypes of Zimbabwe isolates of campylobacter spp other than C. fetus processing of the Zimbabwe Veterinary Association Congress, Triangle, September 1997.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1997.  Munyua, S.J.M., Mutiga, E.R., Agumbah, G.J.O., Ogaa, J.S. And Mwangi, W. M. (1997). Does the improved Bull have a place? Proc. Symp. Anim. Prod. Soc. Kenya, ILRAD, Nairobi (17th - 18th July). World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1996

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1996.  Agumbah, G.J.O. (1996). Knobbed acrosome and swollen in-piece defects associated with sub fertility in a ram. Zim. Vet. J. 28, 6 - 15.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1995

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1995.  Agumbah, G.J.O., Tafirei, G., Mudenge, D. and Shumba, W. (1995). Testicular Ultrasonography in bucks and rams. Indian Vet. Journal, Vol. 72, 829 - 834.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1995.  Agumbah, G.J.O., Odiawo, G.O., Tyrrell, D. and Ogaa, J. S. (1995). Ultranography to diagnose testicular lesions in an infertile Angora buck. Irish Vet. Journal 48: 416 - 418.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1994

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1994.  Makoni, L.T., Ogaa, J.S. and Agumbah, G.J.O. (1994). The efficiency of an Oestrone sulphate ELISA kit to detect pregnancy in sow in zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 25 92) 64 -69.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1993

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1993.  Agumbah, G.J.O., Masembe, F.N. and Maribei, J.M. (1993). Ovulatory rate, fetal loss and littersize as factors limiting porcine reproductive performance in some Kenyan piggeries. Ind. Vet. J. 70 page 817 - 822.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1993.  Ngeranwa, J.J.N., Gathumbi, P.K., Mutiga, E.R. and Agumbah G.J.O. (1993). Pathogenesis of Trypanosoma Brucei evansi in small East African goats. Res. Vet. Sci. 54 283 - 89.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1992

Agumbah, GJO.  1992.  Companion Of CIE And VMAT Methods For The Immunodiagnosis Of C. Fetus Infection In Cattle..
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1992.  Munyua, S.J.M., Wahome, R.G. Mitaru, B.M., Agumbah G.J.O. and Kiptoon, J.C. (1992). Reproductive performance and wastage in small scale piggeries in Kenya. Ken. Vet. 93 - 95.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1991

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1991.  Ngeranwa, J. J. N., Mutiga, E.R., Agumbah, G.J.O., Gathumbi, P.K. and Munyua, W.K. (1991). The effects of experimental Trypanosoma (trypanozoon) (brucei) Evansi infection on fertility of male goats. Vet. Res. Communic. 15.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1991.  Munyua, S.J.M. Agumbah, G.J.O., Njenga, M.J., Kuria, K.J.N. and Kamau, J.A. (1991). Preweaning mortality in small scale and medium scale) intensive piggeries in central Kenya (including Nairobi).Ind. J. Agric. Sciences. 61, (2) 126 - 126.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1989

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1989.  Agumbah, G.J.O. and MacLaren, A.P.C. (1989). Scificity and immunoglobin types reactive in the C.I.E. test for the diagnosis of C fetus infection in cattle. Acta. Veterinarian Bograde. 39 197 - 208.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1988

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1988.  MacLaren A.P.C. and Agumbah, G.J.O. (1988). Infertility in cattle in South-West Scotland caused by an . World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1987

Munyua, SJM;, Agumbah GJO;, Njenga MN;, Kuria KJ;, Kamau JA.  1987.  Causes Of Pre-Weaning Mortality In Small And Medium Scale Intensive Piggeries In Central Kenya.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1987.  Agumbah, G.J.O. (1987). The repeat-breeder syndrome in cattle: A functional approach to its causes,diagnosis and clinical management.. Ken. Vet. Assoc. Scientific Seminars, April, 1987, Nyeri,Kenya.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1987.  Munyua, S.J.M., Mutiga, E.R., Agumbah, G.J.O., Ogaa, J.S., Gitao, C.G., Njenga, M.J., Mbogo, D. Muhuni, L.M., Nguyo, C.N., and Okila, E. (1987). The veterinary profession versus inadequate subsidies that are a constraint to the improvement of the food sit. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1987.  Mitema, E.S. and Agumbah, G.J.O. (1987). Choosing an intramammary antibiotic. Vet. Med. 87,930 - 932.. World Veterinary Poultry association. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1986

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1986.  Agumbah, G.J.O. (1986). Clinical and serological diagnosis of infertility in cattle due to C. fetus infection. Dept. of Clinical Studies Academic staff seminars, Kabete, Nairobi.. Ken. Vet. Assoc. Scientific Seminars, April, 1987, Nyeri,Kenya.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1986.  Agumbah, G.J.O. and MacLaren, A.P.C. (1986): Demonstration and activity of Anodal antigens of C.fetus in the CIE system. Irish Bet. J. 40,24 -29.. Ken. Vet. Assoc. Scientific Seminars, April, 1987, Nyeri,Kenya.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1985

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1985.  Ogaa, J. S. Agumbah, G.J.O., Patel, J.H. Kiere, S.M. and Mwangi, L. (1985).Massive obstructive urothiasis in a bull used for Artificial Insemination. Vet. Rec.117, 664 - 666.. Ken. Vet. Assoc. Scientific Seminars, April, 1987, Nyeri,Kenya.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1983

Agumbah, GJO;, Ogaa. JS;, Mutiga. ER;, Muraguri J.  1983.  Coliform Mastitis In The Nairobi Area Of Kenya: Bacteriological Types, Antimicrobial Sensitivity Patterns And Clinical Problems Of Treatment..
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1983.  Agumbah, G.J.O. (1983). Vibriosis: Current Diagnostic trends.. Annual Conf. Ken. Vet. Assoc. April, 1983, Nairobi.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1983.  Agumbah G.J.O., Ogaa J.S. Mutiga E.R. and Muraguri, J. (1983). Coliform mastitis in the Nairobi area of Kenya: Bacteriological types, antimicrobial sensitivity patterns and clinical problems of treatment. Ken. Vet. 7(1) - 20.. Ken. Vet. Assoc. Scientific Seminars, April, 1987, Nyeri,Kenya.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.
O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1983.  Agumbah, G.J.O. Mac-Laren, A.P.C. and Boyd, H. (1983). Development and Application of the Counterium Unoelectrophoresis (CIE) test for the immunodiagnosis of C. fetus infection in cattle Br. Vet. J. 139, 528 - 36.. Ken. Vet. Assoc. Scientific Seminars, April, 1987, Nyeri,Kenya.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1982

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1982.  Agumbah, G.J.O. (1982. Companion of CIE and VMAT methods for the immunodiagnosis of C. fetus infection in cattle.. Wld. Congr. Dis. Cattle. Amsterdam, 7 - 10th Sept.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

1981

O, PROFAGUMBAHGILBERTJ.  1981.  Agumbah, G.J.O. (1981). The counter-current immunoelectrophoresis method in the diagnosis of C.fetus infection in cattle.. Proceedings of the Association of veterinary teachers and research workers of Great Britain Annual Scientific Conference, April 1981, Scarbororough, England.. : D.M.Matheka,T.N kiama Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values.

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