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(Last updated: June 11, 2013)

Publications

2013

Eyase, FL, Akala HM, Ingasia L, Cheruiyot A, Omondi A, Okudo C, Juma D, Yeda R, Andagalu B, Wanja E, Kamau E, Schnabel D, Bulimo W, Waters NC, Walsh DS, Johnson JD.  2013.  The Role of Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt in Changing Chloroquine, Amodiaquine, Mefloquine and Lumefantrine Susceptibility in Western-Kenya P. falciparum Samples during 2008–2011. Abstract

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Pfmdr1, and Pfcrt, genes of Plasmodium falciparum may confer resistance to a number of anti-malaria drugs. Pfmdr1 86Y and haplotypes at Pfcrt 72-76 have been linked to chloroquine (CQ) as well as amodiaquine (AQ) resistance. mefloquine (MQ) and lumefantrine (LU) sensitivities are linked to Pfmdr1 86Y. Additionally, Pfcrt K76 allele carrying parasites have shown tolerance to LU. We investigated the association between Pfmdr1 86/Pfcrt 72-76 and P. falciparum resistance to CQ, AQ, MQ and LU using field samples collected during 2008-2011 from malaria endemic sites in western Kenya. Genomic DNA from these samples was genotyped to examine SNPs and haplotypes in Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt respectively. Additionally, immediate ex vivo and in vitro drug sensitivity profiles were assessed using the malaria SYBR Green I fluorescence-based assay. We observed a rapid but steady percent increase in wild-type parasites with regard to both Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt between 2008 and 2011 (p<0.0001). Equally, a significant reciprocate decrease in AQ and CQ median IC50 values occurred (p<0.0001) during the same period. Thus, the data in this study point to a significantly rapid change in parasite response to AQ and CQ in the study period. This may be due to releasing of drug pressure on the parasite from reduced use of AQ in the face of increased Artemisinin (ART) Combination Therapy (ACT) administration following the intervention of the Global Fund in 2008. LU has been shown to select for 76K genotypes, thus the observed increase in 76K genotypes coupled with significant cross resistance between LU and MQ, may herald emergence of tolerance against both drugs in future

2012

Moriyasu, M, Takeuchi S, Ichimaru M, Nakatani N, Nishiyama Y, Kato A, Mathenge SG, Juma FD, ChaloMutiso PB.  2012.  Pyrenes and pyrendiones from Uvaria lucida. Abstract

A chemical investigation of the chloroform extract of the roots of Uvaria ludida Benth. (Annonaceae), an important African traditional medicine, led to the isolation of six new compounds; three pyrenes, 2-hydroxy-1,8-dimethoxypyrene (1), 8-methoxy-1,2-methylenedioxypyrene (2), and 7-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,2-methylenedioxypyrene (3), two pyrenediones, 2-hydroxy-1,8-pyrenedione (4) and 2-methoxy-1,8-pyrenedione (5), and a sesquiterpene, (-)-10-oxo-isodauc-3-en-15-oic acid (6), together with eight known compounds (7-14). The structural elucidation by spectroscopic studies of the compounds isolated is described. While pyrenes did not exhibit strong cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells, pyrenediones showed strong cytotoxicity. The IC(50) of 4 was 70 ng mL(-1), which was close to that of etoposide (IC(50) = 60 ng mL(-1)).

2010

Ichimaru, M; Nakatani, MNKMJCMN; M;.  2010.  Hydroxyespintanol and schefflerichalcone: two new compounds from Uvaria scheffleri.. Abstract

A chemical investigation of the petroleum ether extract and chloroform extract of the root of Uvaria scheffleri Diels (Annonaceae) led to the isolation of two new compounds, named hydroxyespintanol (1) and schefflerichalcone (2), together with eight known compounds (3-10). The structural elucidation of compounds 1 and 2 by spectroscopic studies is described. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds against human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells was studied. Among these, 2'-hydroxy-3',4',6'-trimethoxychalcone (5) exhibited cytotoxicity (IC(50) 12 microM), and espintanol (3), which was the main ingredient, also showed some cytotoxicity (IC(50) 44 microM)

2006

D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  2006.  Nishiyama Y, Moriyasu M, Ichimaru M, Iwasa K, Kato A, Mathenge SG, Chalo Mutiso PB, Juma FD.Secondary and tertiary isoquinoline alkaloids from Xylopia parviflora. Phytochemistry. 2006 Dec;67(24):2671-5. Epub 2006 Sep 11.. Phytochemistry. 2006 Dec;67(24):2671-5. Epub 2006 Sep 11.Click here to read. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
From the secondary and tertiary alkaloidal fractions of the root and the bark of Xylopia parviflora (Annonaceae), the isoquinoline alkaloids, 10,11-dihydroxy-1,2-dimethoxynoraporphine and parvinine were isolated, along with 39 known alkaloids. Their structures were determined on the basis of analysis of spectroscopic data.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  2006.  Towett PK, Kanui Stimulation of mu and delta opioid receptors induces hyperalgesia while stimulation of kappa receptors induces antinociception in the hot plate test in the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber). Brain Res Bull. 2006 Dec 11;71(1-3):60-8. . East Afr Med J. 2001 Jul;78(7 Suppl):S43-7.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
The antinociceptive effects of highly selective mu (DAMGO), delta (DPDPE) and kappa (U-50488 and U-69593) opioid agonists were evaluated following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration in the naked mole-rat. A hot plate test set at 60 degrees C was used as a nociceptive test and the latency to the stamping of the right hind paw (response latency) was used as the end-point. DAMGO (5-10 mg/kg) and DPDPE (2.5-5 mg/kg) caused a naloxone-reversible significant decrease in the mean response latency. Subcutaneous injection of naloxonazine (20 mg/kg) 24h prior to the administration of DAMGO (5 mg/kg) also blocked the reduction in the response latency observed when DAMGO was injected alone. On the contrary, U-50488 (2.5-5 mg/kg) or U-69593 (0.08 or 0.1 mg/kg) caused a naloxone-reversible significant increase in the mean response latency. These results showed that activation of mu or delta receptors caused hyperalgesia, whereas activation of kappa receptors caused antinociception in the hot plate test in naked mole-rat. This suggests that mu and delta receptors modulate thermal pain in a different way than kappa receptors in the naked mole-rat. It is not possible at the moment to point out how they modulate thermal pain as little is known about the neuropharmacology of the naked mole-rat.

2004

D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  2004.  Ichimaru M, Nakatani N, Takahashi T, Nishiyama Y, Moriyasu M, Kato A, Mathenge SG, Juma FD, Nganga JN.Cytotoxic C-benzylated dihydrochalcones from Uvaria acuminata.Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2004 Jan;52(1):138-41.. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2004 Jan;52(1):138-41.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
Two new C-benzylated dihydrochalcones, isochamuvaritin (1) and acumitin (2), have been isolated from the African medicinal plant Uvaria acuminata, together with the previously reported benzylbenzoate (3), uvaretin (4), isouvaretin (5), diuvaretin (6), and uvangoletin (7). The structural elucidation of compounds 1 and 2 in spectroscopic studies is described. C-Benzylated dihydrochalcones, especially 1, 2, 4, and 6, showed considerable cytotoxicity toward human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  2004.  Nishiyama Y, Moriyasu M, Ichimaru M, Iwasa K, Kato A, Mathenge SG, Chalo Mutiso PB, Juma FD.Quaternary isoquinoline alkaloids from Xylopia parviflora.Phytochemistry. 2004 Apr;65(7):939-44.. Phytochemistry. 2004 Apr;65(7):939-44.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
From the quaternary alkaloidal fraction of the bark and the root of Xylopia parviflora (Annonaceae), four isoquinoline alkaloids, xylopinidine, dehydrocoreximine, N, N-dimethylanomurine and N-methylphoebine were isolated along with the known compounds, pycnarrhine, lotusine, 6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-isoquinolinium salt, 1,2-dehydroreticuline, (-)-phellodendrine, (+)-tembetarine, (-)-litcubine, (+)-magnoflorine, tetradehydroreticuline, (-)-oblongine, (+)-menisperine, (+)-N-methylcorydine, stepharanine, (+)-xanthoplanine, dehydrodiscretine, jatrorrhizine and palmatine. 3,4-Dihydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-isoquinolinium and N-methylpurpuerine were isolated as natural products for the first time. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidence.

1999

Juma, FD, Nganga JN, Mathenge SG, Kato A, Ichimaru M, Moriyasu M, Nishiyama Y.  1999.  Absolute configurations of two acyclic triterpenoids from Ekebergia capensis. Abstract

The absolute configurations of two acyclic triterpenoids 1 and 2, previously isolated from the bark of Ekebergia capensis (Meliaceae) have been determined by the modified Mosher's method.

1998

D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1998.  Moriyasu M, Ichimaru M, Nishiyama Y, Kato A, Mathenge SG, Juma FD, Nganga JN.Minor Flavanones from Erythrina abyssinicaJ Nat Prod. 1998 Feb 27;61(2):185-8.. J Nat Prod. 1998 Feb 27;61(2):185-8.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

Four new prenylated flavanones, abyssinone-V 4'-methyl ether (1) and abyssinoflavanones IV (2), V (3), and VI (4), have been isolated as minor flavanones from the African medicinal plant, Erythrina abyssinica, together with a known flavanone, sigmoidin D. The structure elucidation of compounds 1-4 by spectroscopic studies is described.

1997

Juma, FD, Masataka M, Nganga JN.  1997.  Studies on African Medicinal Plants: Alkaloidal Constituents of Uvaria acuminata and Uvaria lucida. Abstract

African medicinal plants Uvaria acuminata and Uvaria lucida were examined for their alkaloidal constituents. Three alkaloids, (-)-anolobine, (-)-anonaine, and (+)-reticuline were isolated from U. acuminata, and four alkaloids, (-)-anolobine, (+)-reticuline, (-)-asimilobine, and (-)-discretamine from U. lucida. Furthermore, HPLC profiles of the alkaloidal fractions of both plants were studied.

1996

Juma, FD, Nganga JN, Mathenge SG, Kato A, Tachibana Y, Ichimaru M, Moriyasu M, Nishiyama Y.  1996.  Acyclic triterpenoids from Ekebergia capensis. AbstractWebsite

From the dried bark of Ekebergia capensis, two novel acyclic triterpenoids, 2,3,22,23-tetrahydroxy-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-6,10,14,18-tetracosatetraene and 2-hydroxymethyl-2,3,22,23-tetrahydroxy-6,10,15,19,23-pentamethyl-6,10,14,18-tetracosatetraene were isolated, along with known cyclic triterpenoids. The structures of these two new triterpenoids were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

1995

Kato, A;, Moriyasu M;, Ichimaru M;, Nishiyama Y;, D.; F, Nganga JN;, Mathenge SG;, Ogeto JO.  1995.  Isolation of alkaloidal constituents of zanthoxylum usambarense and zanthoxylum chalybeum using ion-pair hplc. Abstract

Quaternary alkaloids of two Kenyan medicinal plant belonging to the genus Zanthoxylum, Z. usambarense and Z_ chalybeum, were examined using ion-pair HPLC. Both plants contained similar alkaloids, but colored protoberberines were found only in Z. chalybeum. From the stems of Z. usambareni e a new alkaloid named usambanoline (I) was isolated and characterized,

1993

D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1993.  Mitogenic activities in African traditional herbal medicines:Planta Med. 1993 Aug;59(4):354-8. Planta Med. 1993 Aug;59(4):354-8. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
Mitogenic activities in African traditional herbal medicines were examined using protein fractions obtained from their extracts by precipitation with ammonium sulfate. Potent mitogenic activities for human and mouse lymphocytes were found in the three plants: Croton macrostachyus, Croton megalocarpus (Euphorbiaceae), and Phytolacca dodecandra (Phytolaccaceae). All the gel chromatographic patterns of these protein fractions progressed toward the smaller molecule site with pronase treatment, while their mitogenic activities decreased significantly. Protein fractions from these three plants induced mitogenesis both in human and mouse isolated T cells, but not in lymphocytes from athymic nude mice. By testing further fractionated protein fractions with gel filtration chromatography, it was found that all three plants contained several mitogens having different molecule sizes.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS, N PROFOGOLAELIJAHS.  1993.  Cardiovascular risk factor profiles in mild to moderate hypertensives seen at Kenyatta National Hospital.East Afr Med J. 1993 Nov;70(11):693-5. East Afr Med J. 1993 Nov;70(11):693-5. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
Sixty newly diagnosed adult patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were assessed to determine their cardiovascular risk factor profiles. Detailed history and physical examinations were done. Resting 12-lead ECG was done and serum levels of uric acid, fasting cholesterol, and fasting glucose were determined. Twenty nine patients had hypertension and two or more cardiovascular risk factors. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors other than hypertension were electro-cardiovascular left ventricular hypertrophy (31.7%), obesity (28.3%) and hypercholesterolaemia (28.3%). About a half of these patients (48.3%) can be classified as high risk hypertensives. This calls for aggressive management of cardiovascular risk factors as a whole and not just hypertension alone if we are to reduce incidence of hypertensive complications.

1992

D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1992.  Acetylation status using hydralazine in African hypertensives at Kenyatta National Hospital:East Afr Med J. 1992 Jul;69(7):406-8.. East Afr Med J. 1992 Jul;69(7):406-8.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
In this study, the investigation of hydralazine acetylator phenotype was undertaken for the first time in African hypertensives at Kenyatta National Hospital. A total of 25 randomly selected patients with moderate to severe hypertension (diastolic pressure 105-130 mmHg), participated in the phenotyping study. The phenotyping was done by administering oral standard hydralazine dose of 150 mg/day in three divided doses. The 24 hour urinary MTP/hydralazine ratio was used to categorize patients into slow and fast acetylators. Of the patients studied 69.9% were slow acetylators while 30.4% were fast acetylators. The mean 24 hour urinary MTP/hydralazine ratio for slow acetylators was 1.01 +/- 0.95. This was significantly different from the fast acetylators where the mean 24 hour urinary MTP/hydralazine ratio was 10.6 +/- 4.4 (P < 0.001). The acetylator phenotyping divided the patients into two distinct populations and no further arbitrary method was required to divide the patients into either group.

1989

Kato, A, Ichimaru M, Matsukawa M, Moriyasu M, Fukuoka N, Kishida K, Ogeto JO, Juma FD.  1989.  Studies on unused medicinal resources in africa, occurrence of sulfur compounds in cassipourea genus in kenya. Abstract

In the current re earch, the inland genus Ca sipourea of Rhizophoraceae in Kenya was pinpointed as a target for developing new medicinal resources. The field work on four species of Cassipourea, i.e. Cassipourea malosana, C. gummiflua, C. euryoides, and C. celastroides was carried out during three months in 1987, which all are grown in different habitats each other. It was proved with detective indicator (PdcI) at field work that the barks of these trees contain some sulfur compounds as we had expected. The plant materials transfered from field to laboratory provided some sulfur compounds as result of chemical studies such as isolation of compounds and determination of their structures. These compounds were such various alkaloid a pyrrolidine and pyrrolizidine posessing 1,2-dithiolane ring and bisdi¬sulphide bridge systern respectively. Among the alkaloid two new pyrrolidine alkaloids named guinesine-D and euryoidine have been isolated from Cassipourea euryoides.Guinesine¬D has als0 been found in C. celastroides. Another new pyrrolizidine alkaloid named is ocassi¬pourine have been isolated from C. malosana and C. gummiflua, For these three compounds, structure 1. 8 and were Proposed respectively on toe basis of spectro copic evidence
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1989.  Hagos B, Nganga JN, Juma FD, Ndegwa P.A comparative study of the neutralising capacity of eight brands of antacids.East Afr Med J. 1989 Jun;66(6):408-10.. East Afr Med J. 1989 Jun;66(6):408-10.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
Eight brands of antacid tablets commonly available in the private market in Kenya were subjected to in-vitro tests for neutralizing capacity. The neutralizing capacity per gram and per tablet of the products was compared. The neutralizing capacity in millilitres of 0.1 M HC1 per gram ranged from 103.10 for Gelusil to 225.13 for Maalox, with others ranging between +/- 18.1% and -12% about the average. The neutralizing capacity per tablet ranged from 64.90 ml for Magnesium trisilicate Co tablets B.P. to 263.15 ml for Maalox, with the others ranging between +/- 24.9% and -33.1% about the average. This shows high variation in the neutralizing capacities of the different brands available especially in relations to the neutralizing capacities per tablet due to the high variation in the tablet weight.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1989.  Mefloquine disposition in normals and in patients with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria.Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 1989 Jan-Mar;14(1):15-7. 10: Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 1989 Jan-Mar;14(1):15-7. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
Mefloquine pharmacokinetics were studied in Kenyan African normal volunteers and in patients with severe acute attack of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Peak concentrations were achieved in both groups at 20-24 hours. The mean half-life of elimination was 385 +/- 150 hours (mean +/- SD) in normal subjects while in severe malaria it was 493 +/- 215 hours which was significantly longer (P less than or equal to 0.001). The volume of distribution was significantly smaller in severe malaria where it was 30.76 +/- 10.50 l/kg (mean +/- SD) while in the normal subjects it was 40.90 +/- 20.70 l/kg (mean +/- SD) (P less than or equal to 0.001). The total body clearance in severe malaria was 3.75 +/- 1.51 l/h (mean +/- SD). This was significantly lower than in the normal subjects where it was 5.15 +/- 1.50 l/h (mean +/- SD) (P less than or equal to 0.001).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1989.  Editor of Curriculum of Clinical Pharmacology at all levels 1989.. BOOK. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
In this study, the investigation of hydralazine acetylator phenotype was undertaken for the first time in African hypertensives at Kenyatta National Hospital. A total of 25 randomly selected patients with moderate to severe hypertension (diastolic pressure 105-130 mmHg), participated in the phenotyping study. The phenotyping was done by administering oral standard hydralazine dose of 150 mg/day in three divided doses. The 24 hour urinary MTP/hydralazine ratio was used to categorize patients into slow and fast acetylators. Of the patients studied 69.9% were slow acetylators while 30.4% were fast acetylators. The mean 24 hour urinary MTP/hydralazine ratio for slow acetylators was 1.01 +/- 0.95. This was significantly different from the fast acetylators where the mean 24 hour urinary MTP/hydralazine ratio was 10.6 +/- 4.4 (P < 0.001). The acetylator phenotyping divided the patients into two distinct populations and no further arbitrary method was required to divide the patients into either group.

1988

D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1988.  Sorbitol levels in normal Africans and in insulin dependent diabetics.East Afr Med J. 1988 Feb;65(2):99-101.. East Afr Med J. 1988 Feb;65(2):99-101.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
Eight brands of antacid tablets commonly available in the private market in Kenya were subjected to in-vitro tests for neutralizing capacity. The neutralizing capacity per gram and per tablet of the products was compared. The neutralizing capacity in millilitres of 0.1 M HC1 per gram ranged from 103.10 for Gelusil to 225.13 for Maalox, with others ranging between +/- 18.1% and -12% about the average. The neutralizing capacity per tablet ranged from 64.90 ml for Magnesium trisilicate Co tablets B.P. to 263.15 ml for Maalox, with the others ranging between +/- 24.9% and -33.1% about the average. This shows high variation in the neutralizing capacities of the different brands available especially in relations to the neutralizing capacities per tablet due to the high variation in the tablet weight.

1987

D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1987.  "Author of Essentials of Clinical Pharmacology in 1987.". BOOK. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
Eight brands of antacid tablets commonly available in the private market in Kenya were subjected to in-vitro tests for neutralizing capacity. The neutralizing capacity per gram and per tablet of the products was compared. The neutralizing capacity in millilitres of 0.1 M HC1 per gram ranged from 103.10 for Gelusil to 225.13 for Maalox, with others ranging between +/- 18.1% and -12% about the average. The neutralizing capacity per tablet ranged from 64.90 ml for Magnesium trisilicate Co tablets B.P. to 263.15 ml for Maalox, with the others ranging between +/- 24.9% and -33.1% about the average. This shows high variation in the neutralizing capacities of the different brands available especially in relations to the neutralizing capacities per tablet due to the high variation in the tablet weight.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1987.  Juma FD.Disposition of antipyrine in African patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma.Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1987 Dec;24(6):809-11.. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1987 Dec;24(6):809-11.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).

1985

Juma, FD.  1985.  Practical therapeutics. The impact of genetic engineering in drug development.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1985.  Ranitidine in the treatment of peptic ulceration in Kenyans.East Afr Med J. 1985 Oct;62(10):752-4. East Afr Med J. 1985 Oct;62(10):752-4. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).

1984

Juma, FD, Muriuki G, Ogeto JO.  1984.  Some toxic effects of the alkaloids extracted from Strychnos henningsii Plant.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Juma FD.Practical therapeutics: treatment of clinical attack of malaria.East Afr Med J. 1984 Jan;61(1):86-9.. East Afr Med J. 1984 Jan;61(1):86-9.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide was investigated in 7 patients in severe liver failure. The pharmacokinetic data were compared with those derived from a matched control group of patients with normal liver function. The half-life (t1/2) of cyclophosphamide following intravenous administration in patients with liver failure was 12.5 +/- 1.0 h (m +/- SD), which was significantly longer than in the normal controls in whom it was 7.6 +/- 1.4 h (p less than 0.001). The mean total body clearance (Clt) was significantly smaller in liver failure at 44.8 + 8.61 X kg-1 than in the controls in whom it was 63.0 +/- 7.61 X kg-1 (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that severe liver disease has a significant effect on the disposition of cyclophosphamide, and that it could lead to accumulation of the drug in the body.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Juma FD, Gitau W, Bwibo NO, Gachoka C.Haemoglobin A1C in children with sickle cell disease.East Afr Med J. 1984 Jan;61(1):32-4.. East Afr Med J. 1984 Jan;61(1):32-4.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Juma FD.Effect of liver failure on the pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide.Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1984;26(5):591-3.. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1984;26(5):591-3.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide was investigated in 7 patients in severe liver failure. The pharmacokinetic data were compared with those derived from a matched control group of patients with normal liver function. The half-life (t1/2) of cyclophosphamide following intravenous administration in patients with liver failure was 12.5 +/- 1.0 h (m +/- SD), which was significantly longer than in the normal controls in whom it was 7.6 +/- 1.4 h (p less than 0.001). The mean total body clearance (Clt) was significantly smaller in liver failure at 44.8 + 8.61 X kg-1 than in the controls in whom it was 63.0 +/- 7.61 X kg-1 (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that severe liver disease has a significant effect on the disposition of cyclophosphamide, and that it could lead to accumulation of the drug in the body.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Maitai CK, Ogeto JO, Munenge RW, Ochieng S, Juma FD.A comparative study of the efficacy of seven brands of frusemide tablets.East Afr Med J. 1984 Jan;61(1):6-10.. East Afr Med J. 1984 Jan;61(1):6-10.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Juma FD.Practical therapeutics malaria chemoprophylaxis.East Afr Med J. 1984 Mar;61(3):254-9.. East Afr Med J. 1984 Mar;61(3):254-9.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Ogeto JO, Juma FD, Muriuki G.Practical therapeutics: some investigations of the toxic effects of the alkaloids extracted from Strychnos henningsii (Gilg) "muteta".East Afr Med J. 1984 May;61(5):427-32.. East Afr Med J. 1984 May;61(5):427-32.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Practical therapeutics: some investigations of the toxic effects of the alkaloids extracted from Strychnos henningsii (Gilg) "muteta".Ogeto JO, Juma FD, Muriuki G. East Afr Med J. 1984 May;61(5):427-32. East Afr Med J. 1984 May;61(5):427-32. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide in Kenyan African children with lymphoma. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1984 Jul;18(1):106-7. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1984 Jul;18(1):106-7. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Practical therapeutics: treatment of complications of malaria.East Afr Med J. 1984 Sep;61(9):727-30. East Afr Med J. 1984 Sep;61(9):727-30. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  Kinetics, distribution, and efficacy of ceftriaxone versus cefazolin in open heart surgery.Am J Surg. 1984 Oct 19;148(4A):41-2. Am J Surg. 1984 Oct 19;148(4A):41-2. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1984.  The interactions between the drug industry and the prescribers and their effects on the quality and quantity of drugs.East Afr Med J. 1984 Nov;61(11):793-6.. East Afr Med J. 1984 Nov;61(11):793-6.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and 10 patients of Kenya African origin with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The half-life of antipyrine was 12.2 +/- 1.3 h (mean + s.d.), while the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.67 +/- 0.11 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) and the total body clearance was 40.7 +/- 3.2 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) in the healthy volunteers. The antipyrine half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was 17.1 +/- 2.7 h (mean +/- s.d.). The apparent volume of distribution was 0.72 +/- 0.14 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) which was larger than in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.05). The total body clearance was 30.3 +/- 9.4 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean + s.d.) and this was reduced compared with that in healthy volunteers (P less than 0.02). After cytotoxic therapy the half-life in the patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma was significantly decreased to 8.3 +/- 1.3 h (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.07), and the apparent volume of distribution was reduced to 0.65 +/- 0.07 l kg-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.05) while the total body clearance increased to 52.8 +/- 5.5 ml kg-1 h-1 (mean +/- s.d.) (P less than 0.01).

1983

Juma, F, Ogada T.  1983.  Pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide in Kenyan Africans. Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide was studied in 10 Kenyan Africans with Hodgkins lymphoma. The mean +/- s.d. elimination half-life (t1/2) was 7.5 +/- 1.38 h. The mean +/- s.d. volume of the central compartment (V1) was 0.35 +/- 0.12 l/kg and the apparent volume of distribution (V) was 0.64 +/- 0.06 l/kg. The microconstants k21, k12 and k10 were 1.81 +/- 0.84 h-1, 1.90 +/- 1.080 h-1 and 2.05 +/- 0.86 h-1 respectively (mean +/- s.d.).
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1983.  Juma FD.Pharmacokinetics of pindolol in Kenyan Africans.Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;25(3):425-6.. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;25(3):425-6.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of pindolol was studied in 8 normal Africans following administration of a single oral 10 mg dose. The mean peak concentration was 30.2 +/- 5.0 ng X ml-1, the mean half-life (t1/2) of the elimination phase was 3.4 +/- 1.1 h, and the total body clearance was 628 +/- 13 ml X min-1. The apparent volume of distribution was 3.0 +/- 1.31 X kg-1. The values are the same as those reported in Europeans.
D, PROFJUMAFRANCIS.  1983.  Juma FD, Gitau W, Gachoka C.The use of HBA1c in evaluation of diabetic control in Kenya Africans.East Afr Med J. 1983 Jan;60(1):60-3.. East Afr Med J. 1983 Jan;60(1):60-3.. : UN-HABITAT Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of pindolol was studied in 8 normal Africans following administration of a single oral 10 mg dose. The mean peak concentration was 30.2 +/- 5.0 ng X ml-1, the mean half-life (t1/2) of the elimination phase was 3.4 +/- 1.1 h, and the total body clearance was 628 +/- 13 ml X min-1. The apparent volume of distribution was 3.0 +/- 1.31 X kg-1. The values are the same as those reported in Europeans.

1982

Juma, FD.  1982.  Practical therapeutics--drug therapy.

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